Retrospective growth kinetics and radiosensitivity analysis of various human xenograft models / 한국실험동물학회지

The purpose of this study was to delineate the various factors that affect the growth characteristics of human cancer xenografts in nude mice and to reveal the relationship between the growth characteristics and radiosensitivity. We retrospectively analyzed 390 xenografts comprising nine different human cancer lines grown in nude mice used in our institute between 2009 and 2015. Tumor growth rate (TGR) was calculated using exponential growth equations. The relationship between the TGR of xenografts and the proliferation of the cells in vitro was examined. Additionally, we examined the correlations between the surviving fractions of cells after 2 Gy irradiation in vitro and the response of the xenograft to radiation. The TGR of xenografts was positively related to the proliferation of the cells in vitro (r(P)=0.9714, p<0.0001), whereas it was independent of the histological type of the xenografts. Radiation-induced suppression of the growth rate (T/C%) of xenografts was positively related to the radiosensitivity of the cells in vitro (SF₂; r(P)=0.8684, p=0.0284) and TGR (r(P)=0.7623, p=0.0780). The proliferation of human cancer cells in vitro and the growth rate of xenografts were positively related. The radiosensitivity of cancer cells, as judged from the SF₂ values in vitro, and the radiation-induced suppression of xenograft growth were positively related. In conclusion, the growth rate of human xenografts was independent of histological type and origin of the cancer cells, and was positively related to the proliferation of the cancer cells in vitro.

Association of 5-HT3B Receptor Gene Polymorphisms with the Efficacy of Ondansetron for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

PURPOSE: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common problem after general anesthesia. Although 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists have significantly reduced PONV, over 35% of patients treated with ondansetron can experience PONV. In this study, we investigated whether the Y129S and -100_-102AAG deletion polymorphisms of the 5-HT3B receptor gene affect the efficacy of ondansetron in preventing PONV. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and forty-five adult patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled. Ondansetron 0.1 mg/kg was intravenously administered 30 minutes before the end of surgery. Genomic DNA was prepared from blood samples using a nucleic acid isolation device. Both the Y129S variant and the -100_-102AAG deletion variant were screened for using a single base primer extension assay and a DNA direct sequencing method, respectively. The relationship between genetic polymorphisms and clinical outcomes of ondansetron treatment was investigated. RESULTS: Among the 5-HT3B AAG deletion genotypes, the incidence of PONV was higher in patients with the homomutant than with other genotypes during the first 2 hours after surgery (p=0.02). There were no significant differences in the incidence of PONV among genotypes at 2-24 hours after surgery. In the Y129S variants of the 5-HT3B receptor gene, there were no significant differences in the incidence of PONV among genotypes during the first 2 hours and at 2-24 hours after surgery. CONCLUSION: The response to ondansetron for PONV was significantly influenced by the -100_-102AAG deletion polymorphisms of the 5-HT3B gene. Thus, the -100_-102AAG deletion variants may be a pharmacogenetic predictor for responsiveness to ondansetron for PONV.

Green Urine after Propofol Infusion in the Intensive Care Unit / 대한중환자의학회지

Urine discoloration occurs in the intensive care unit (ICU) due to many causes such as medications, metabolic disorders, and infections. Propofol is advocated as one of the first line sedatives in the ICU, but it is not well known to the intensivists that propofol can induce urine color change. We experienced two cases of green urine after propofol infusion. Propofol should be warranted as the cause of urine discoloration during ICU stay.

Green Urine after Propofol Infusion in the Intensive Care Unit / 대한구급학회지

Urine discoloration occurs in the intensive care unit (ICU) due to many causes such as medications, metabolic disorders, and infections. Propofol is advocated as one of the first line sedatives in the ICU, but it is not well known to the intensivists that propofol can induce urine color change. We experienced two cases of green urine after propofol infusion. Propofol should be warranted as the cause of urine discoloration during ICU stay.

Stem Cell In Adult Pancreas: Its Activation and Induction of Beta Cell Differentiation / 대한해부학회지

Stem cells in adult pancreas and their specific marker are poorly characterized. We hypothesized that pancreatic stem cells could evolve from the duct system in response to neogenic stimulation. Following partial pancreatectomy (Px), we found extensive formation of ductules consisting of nestin-positive epithelial cells with higher replicating ability in the neogenic foci after Px. The neogenic ductules were isolated for the culture of nestin-positive duct cells. These nestinpositive duct cells were numerous and displayed extensive self-replication in the duct cell explants, thus depicted as nestin-positive duct stem (NPDS) cells. Endocrine cells, mostly insulin cells were present in the explants at day 2 as single cells or as small clusters adjacent to the NPDS cells, and formed islet-like masses at day 3 of culture, implying islet cell differentiation from NPDS cells. We found transient up-regulation of PDX-1 expression by RT-PCR at day 3 after Px in pancreatic tissue. We investigated the effect of clusterin overexpression on differentiation of insulin beta cells from duct cells We found that the number of insulin producing cells increased 11.5 fold when clusterin was overexpressed. Insulin expression, both insulin mRNA and peptide levels, was increased in clusterin cDNA transfected cells. In conclusion, we suggest that NPDS cells could be generated from adult pancreas by neogenic motivations and they may differentiate into insulin-secreting-cells, and clusterin could stimulate not only differentiation of precursor cells in the pancreatic duct, but also proliferation of predifferentiated beta cells. Those differentiated beta cells are functional cells secreting insulin in response to glucose stimulation.

A Clinical Observation on Traumatic Urethral Injury / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A clinical observation was made on 31 cases of traumatic urethral injury in the Department of Urology, Wonju Christian Hospital, during the period from March 1979 to June 1982. The results were as follows: 1. The rate of the urethral injury to total genitourinary tract was 46.3%. 2. Age distribution of urethral injury was the highest in the age of 21-10 (54.8%). 3. In anterior urethral injury, the most common cause was industrial accident (63.6%), the mode of injury was blunt injury (46.5%). In posterior injury, the most common cause was traffic accident (40.0%), the mode of injury was blunt injury (80%). 4. Results from the present study show that the perineal end-to-end anastomosis performed primarily or secondarily showed higher success rate (75%)than other procedures.

A Case of Unilateral Renal Angiomyolipoma Associated with Tuberous Sclerosis / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Renal angiomyolipoma is a relatively uncommon benign tumor and may be associated with tuberous sclerosis, which is characterized by adenoma sebaceum, epilepsy and mental retardation. When a renalangiomyolipoma occurs with tuberous sclerosis, it can be easily diagnosed and the incidence of multiple and bilateral angiomyolipoma is high in patients with multiple sclerosis. Recently we experienced a case of unilateral renal angiomyolipoma associated with tuberous sclerosis which occurred in a 38 year-old housewife, who had right flank mass, adenoma sebaceum on the face, shagreen patches of the back and sublingual fibromas. So we report a case of unilateral renal angiomyolipoma associated with tuberous sclerosis with review of literatures.

Two Cases of the Cavernous Hemangioma of the Scrotum / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Cavernous hemangioma of the scrotum is a rare tumor with only 36 cases having previously been reported in literature and one case in Korea. We would like to add two cases of cavernous hemangioma of the scrotum with review of literature

A Case of Congenital Patent Urachus / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Urachal anomalies are very rare. The umbilicus and the structures which lead to its formation rarely cause trouble except in patients with an error. Embryologically, the urachus represents the vestigial remnant of the allantois which, in the fetus, communicates with the cloaca. The patent urachus results from failure of luminal closure of the urachus Herein a case of congenital patent urachus reported with a brief review of literatures.

A Case of Sparganosis in the Scrotum / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Human Sparganosis was one of the main parasitosis and reported over 65 cases in Korea. Sparganum infestation in the scrotum was reported 14 cases. We experienced a cases of Sparganosis in the scrotum. This patient, 45-year-old Master Sergeant, had an episode of in take of raw snakes and frogs for 25 years during survival and ranger training. Life cycle and route of infection of Sparganum mansoni are briefly discussed with review of literatures.

Clinical Observation of Ureteroneocystostomy on 15 Cases / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Reimplantation of the ureter into the bladder may be necessary in the cases of uretero-vaginal fistula, ureteral stricture, ectopic ureteral orifice and vesico-ureteral reflux. Ureteroneocystostomy was done in 15 patients who were consisted of 9 cases of ureteral stricture, 5 cases of uretero-vaginal fistula, and 1 case of ectopic ureteral orifice respectively. The excellent results following ureteral reimplantation by means of Boari bladder flap operation with psoas-bladder hitch technique in uretero-vaginal fistula and with triangular flap technique were presented here.

Clinical Observations on 48 Cases of Hypospadias / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A clinical observation was made on 48 hypospadias of the in-patients in the Department of Urology, Yonsei University Hospital during the period Jan. 1966 through Dec. 1975 and the following results were obtained. 1) Of 48 hypospadias, 29 cases(60.2%) were admitted at the age of 7 or below and 19 cases(39.8%) at the ages of 8 years or more. 2) Of 48 hypospadias, 29 cases(79.2%) were peno-scrotal, 8 cases(16.6%) penile and 2 cases(4.2%) were perineal in type. 3) Cryptorchism was the most common associated anomaly and it occupied 23.3% of 30 associated anomalies. 4) Of 33 urethroplasties, 12 cases(63.1%) were succeed by Thiersch-Duplay method and 12 cases(85.7%) were succeed by Ikoma's method.